![]() ![]() In the early 21st century, there were spectacular new finds of 20-meter deep tombs in the La Florida neighborhood of Quito. They began to think it was a legendary pre-Hispanic account of the highlands. Little archeological evidence had been found of any monuments or artifacts from it. Quitu descendants survived in the city even after the Spanish conquest.īut by the 20th century, some prominent historians who began more academic studies, doubted accounts of the Quitu-Cara kingdom. On what is sometimes called the Cara-Quitu kingdom, they ruled until the Inca took over the territory in the 15th century. Their accounts said that another people, known as the Cara or the Schyris, came from the coast and took over the region by AD 890. Įarly colonial priests and historians wrote about the Quitu people and a Kingdom of Quito. The Cotocollao people extracted and exported obsidian to the coastal region. Near the ancient rectangular houses, there are burials with pottery and stone offerings. The prehistoric village covered over 26 hectares in an area irrigated by many creeks. The second important vestige of human settlement was found in the current neighborhood of Cotocollao (1500 BC), northwest of Quito. Graffham's previous interest in Paleo-Indian remains, and his experience with early human-made materials in Kansas and Nebraska in the Central Plains of the United States, led him to believe that the site was an important discovery. The discovery of projectile points, particularly specimens with basal fluting, stimulated his interest, and he made several visits to the site to collect surface materials. He made surface collections at the site during 1956. While employed as a geologist in Ecuador, Graffham pursued his amateur interest in archeology. This archeological site, called EI Inga, was brought to Robert Bell's attention by Allen Graffham. Hunter-gatherers left tools of obsidian glass, dated to 8000 BC. Bell in 1960, on the slopes of the Ilaló volcano, located between the eastern valleys of Los Chillos and Tumbaco. The oldest traces of human presence in Quito were excavated by American archeologist Robert E. ![]() See also: Timeline of Quito and List of buildings in Quito Pre-Columbian period Quito is the capital city closest to the Equator, with its northern limits ending about 1 km (0.62 miles) south of the line. In 1978, Quito and Kraków were the first World Cultural Heritage Sites declared by UNESCO. ![]() Quito's historic center is among the largest and best-preserved in the Americas. The Spanish conquest of the city in 1534 is the date most frequently cited as the city's official founding, making Quito the oldest capital in South America. In the late fifteenth century, the Inca Emperor Huayna Capac defeated the Quitu, the region's original inhabitants, and incorporated Quito into the Inca Empire, designating it into the capital of the Inca Empire's northern region. The date of its first habitation is unknown, but archaeological evidence suggests that it was first settled by sedentary populations between 44 BC. It is also one of the country's two major industrial centers-the port city of Guayaquil being the other one. The majority of transnational companies with a presence in Ecuador are headquartered there. Quito is the political and cultural center of Ecuador as the country's major governmental, administrative, and cultural institutions are located within the city. Quito is located in a valley on the eastern slopes of Pichincha, an active stratovolcano in the Andes, at an elevation of 2,850 m (9,350 ft), making it the second-highest capital city in the world. It is also the capital of the province of Pichincha. Quito ( Spanish pronunciation: ( listen) Quechua: Kitu), formally San Francisco de Quito, is the capital of Ecuador, with an estimated population of 2.8 million in its urban area. ![]()
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